Introduction
As temperatures rise globally, ensuring the safety of employees working in both outdoor and indoor environments becomes increasingly critical. The California Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) provides comprehensive guidelines to help employers create safe working conditions, mitigating the risks associated with extreme heat. This blog will delve into Cal/OSHA's requirements and best practices for maintaining a safe workplace under extreme temperature conditions. 
Understanding Heat Illness
Heat-related illnesses can range from mild conditions like heat rash to severe, life-threatening conditions such as heat stroke. Common heat illnesses include:
- Heat Rash: Skin irritation from excessive sweating.
- Heat Cramps: Muscle pains or spasms due to heavy exertion.
- Heat Exhaustion: Symptoms include heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, nausea, and fainting.
- Heat Stroke: A severe, life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention. Symptoms include high body temperature, confusion, and loss of consciousness.
General Requirements
Cal/OSHA's general duty clause requires employers to provide a workplace free from recognized hazards, including those related to heat. Key components include:
- Risk Assessment: Conduct thorough assessments of work environments to identify potential heat hazards.
- Training and Education: Train workers to recognize symptoms of heat-related illnesses and understand the importance of hydration, rest breaks, and proper clothing.
- Provision of Water: Provide cool, potable water in sufficient quantities to ensure workers can stay hydrated.
- Rest Breaks and Shaded Areas: Establish work/rest cycles and provide shaded or air-conditioned areas for breaks.
- Acclimatization: Gradually acclimate workers to hot conditions, especially new employees or those returning from extended leave.
- Emergency Response: Have an emergency plan in place to respond to heat-related illnesses, including trained personnel and quick access to medical services.
Specific Guidelines for Outdoor Work
Outdoor workers are often at the highest risk for heat-related illnesses due to direct exposure to the sun. According to Cal/OSHA, employers must take specific actions when temperatures reach certain thresholds:
- 85°F: Employers must provide shade, enough cool water, and encourage employees to take breaks in shaded areas.
- 95°F: High-heat procedures must be implemented, including observing workers for signs of heat illness, ensuring effective communication, and designating one or more employees to call for emergency services if needed.
Specific Guidelines for Indoor Work
Indoor workers, especially in environments like factories, kitchens, and warehouses, also face heat-related risks. Cal/OSHA guidelines for indoor heat safety include:
- 80°F: Employers must provide access to cool drinking water and encourage regular breaks.
- 85°F and above: Employers must establish and implement a written Heat Illness Prevention Plan, ensure access to cooling measures such as fans or air conditioning, and monitor indoor temperature.
Conclusion
Ensuring the safety of employees in extreme temperatures is not just a regulatory requirement but a moral obligation for employers. By adhering to Cal/OSHA's guidelines and implementing proactive measures, employers can create a safer, more productive work environment. Heat safety is everyone's responsibility—employers, supervisors, and workers all play a vital role in preventing heat-related illnesses and injuries. For more information on Cal/OSHA's heat safety guidelines, visit the Cal/OSHA website. Stay safe and stay cool!
Please Contact Bone, Robertson, & McBride for more information
Aimee Padden, President (925) 674-1000 ext. 107
Don Bone, Chairman (925) 674-1000 ext. 103
Info@brmins.com